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Challenge: Aerogels provide an ideal engineering carrier for self-powered wearable devices. However, the current high-strength design pursued by aerogels affects the wearing comfort and biosignal acquisition capabilities of wearable devices.
Method: A team led by Professors Guangping Han and Wanli Cheng from Northeast Forestry University, in collaboration with a team led by Professor Yanju Liu from Harbin Institute of Technology, reported an ice-templated-driven cross-scale fiber self-assembly strategy for manufacturing soft, superelastic triboelectric aerogels. This strategy constructs a stable layer-pillar structure through ice crystal-induced phase separation and inter-fiber interface enhancement.
Innovation 1: A unique energy dissipation mechanism allows the aerogel to fully recover after 80% strain, exhibiting minor plastic deformation after 1000 compression cycles. Meanwhile, heterostructure ZnO@ZIF-8 nanoparticles further enhance the aerogel's triboelectric properties, including a surface potential of 1.2 V and a relative dielectric constant of 10.2.
Innovation 2: The triboelectric device assembled from the aerogel has ultra-high pressure sensitivity (12.1 V kPa−1), enabling precise monitoring of joint and motion status in people undergoing rehabilitation training.
Innovation 3: Furthermore, a smart neck guard device for neck movement monitoring was developed based on the superelastic triboelectric aerogel. Combined with machine learning, it can identify neck movements with high accuracy (97% accuracy) and is suitable for accessible human-computer interaction.
